Frangula is a genus of about 35 accepted species of shrubs or small trees, commonly known as buckthorns in the flowering plant family rhamnaceae description. Rhamnaceae of north america update, database version 2011 acquired. Elixir frangula, elixir of frangula fluidextract of frangula, 1 part. Rhamnus frangula definition of rhamnus frangula by the free. Rhamnus frangula l clipart 20 free cliparts download. Frangula alnus usda, ars, germplasm resources information network. Frangula article about frangula by the free dictionary. Pdf online viewing for only 30 per year, you can view online all the monographs summary. Frangula alnus euforgen european forest genetic resources.
Alder buckthorn rhamnus frangula picture the alder buckthorn can be considered a deciduous shrub or even a small tree, the plant often reaches 20 feet in height when fully mature. The genus name frangula comes from the word frango, meaning fragile or brittle, in reference to the tendency of the twigs of some species to break easily. How rhamnus frangula is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Rhamnus frangula columnaris tallhedge buckthorn foliage is oval like the species form, but its habit is very columnar and it is often used as a tall visual screen to hide utilities or demarcate property lines, or in formal gardens to partition outdoor rooms. The wood has been used to make butchers skewers which are known in some areas as dogs, hence the alternative common name of black dogwood fraser, 2003. Frangula is mild to medium strength with less irritating properties. The generic recognition of frangula has been disputed and for many years glossy buckthorn has gone under the name rhamnus frangula l. Discover lifes page about the biology, natural history, ecology, identification and distribution of frangula alnus alder buckthorn discover life. Rhamnus frangula synonyms, rhamnus frangula antonyms. Frangula alnus ron williams, sold under the commercial names fine line and straight line, makes one of the narrowest informal hedges. The leaf margins are smoothentire and tend to be slightly wavy. Invasive species rhamnus frangula or frangula alnus glossy buckthorn is a shrub or small tree with simple, shiny leaves and peasized red to purple fruit. Esr spectroscopy is suitably applied for free radical evaluation and to establish the antioxidant capacities of beverages. Contact us 128 raleigh street holly springs, nc 27540 phone.
The author name for frangula alnus is cited as either miller orp. Rhamnus frangula is a deciduous shrub growing to 5 m 16ft by 4 m ft at a slow rate. We offer you for free download top of rhamnus frangula l clipart pictures. Miller described the genus frangula, and in 1768, the species frangula alnus. I bought a buckthorn tree in april and planted it in a large container on my. The alder buckthorn can be considered a deciduous shrub or even a small tree, the plant often reaches 20 feet in height when fully mature. In 1754, miller described the genus frangula, and in 1768, the species frangula alnus. Read pdf files right in your browser the pdf download extension. Sterculia with frangula drug bnf content published by nice. Pdf an optimized protocol for anthraquinones isolation. Leaves simple, alternate, linear to linearlanceolate, 46 cm long, but only 35 mm wide, with a wavy margin, fernlike appearance. Rhamnus cathartica and frangula alnus report 200405.
Rhamnus frangula alder buckthorn pfaf plant database. Rhamnus frangula asplenifolia landscape plants oregon. The alder buckthorn is generally free from any significant pests and disease8. Frangula alnus was probably introduced to north america about 200 years ago, and in canada about 100 years ago. The branches are not spiny, and the buds are without scales. The alder buckthorn is characterized by the presence of glossy oval shaped green leaves, each of which can be one to three inches in length, the leaves are borne on. Rhamnus frangula asplenifolia fernleaf buckthorn from.
Frangula alnus assessment answers are underlined and in bold. Considered to be the most ornamental of the buckthorns. Prune regularly to promote health, provide air circulation, maintain a desirable shape, and to remove dead or damaged branches. Leaves are darkgreen and glossy above while dull green below. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Join the millions of readers who turn to scribds digital library to access an unlimited number of audiobooks, books, magazine articles, sheet music, and more. Rhamnus frangula herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects. Benefits of alder buckthorn rhamnus frangula for health. Hardy to usda zone 3 native to europe, western asia and north africa. Downloading pdf documents and books from scribd becomes very easy if you use scrdownloader. A recent molecular study by bolmgren and oxelman 2004. Frangula alnus is commonly called alder buckthorn because it is frequently seen in the wild growing in moist soils near alders genus alnus.
Frangula is a genus of deciduous shrubs with alternate, simple leaves with stipules, buds without bud scales, branches without spines and flowers with five petals and undivided styles. Chlorophora tinctoria, young fustic from venetian or dyers sumach cottinus coggygria, and persian berries rhamnus frangula. Frangula alnus euforgen european forest genetic resources programme. Click on an acronym to view each weed list, or click here for a composite list of weeds of the u. The mother tincture is prepared with ethanol 65 per cent vv, using the dried bark of the stem and branches of rhamnus frangula l.
Pest management invasive plant control buckthorns rhamnus. They were probably introduced to the us before 1800 but did not become widespread until the early 1900s. The bark on young shoots is green, becoming greybrown. Pruning is best done in latewinter to early spring for most trees and latespring for spring blooming shrubs. Broadleaf deciduous shrub slow growing, to about 10 ft high and 6 ft wide 3. Oct 17, 2019 medicine the bark of rhamnus frangula used as a laxative or catharticnominative feminine singular of frangulus nominative neuter plural of frangulus accusative neuter. Frangula alnus primarily reproduce by seed converse, 1984. Download free adobe acrobat reader dc software for your windows, mac os and android devices to view, print, and comment on pdf documents. Free scribd downloader download pdf documents and books. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in rhamnus frangula. Potential impacts of the invasive exotic shrub rhamnus frangula l. Rhamnus frangula small tree common in europe alder buckthorn, alder dogwood buckthorn a shrub or shrubby tree of the genus rhamnus. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above.
This page was last edited on 2 november 2012, at 14. Frangula a genus of shrubs or small trees of the family rhamnaceae. A recent molecular study by bolmgren and oxelman 2004 supports generic recognition of frangula. Fine line buckthorn rhamnus frangula proven winners. It was planted for hedgerows, forestry plantings, and wildlife habitat, but has become an invasive species, invading forests in the northeastern united states and wetlands and moist forest in the midwestern united states. Glossy buckthorn can either grow as a multistemmed shrub or singlestemmed tree up to 23 7 m tall. The specific name alnus and the common name alder buckthorn may be related to the frequent occurrence of f. Virginia tech dendrology carolina buckthorn rhamnaceae frangula caroliniana walter a. Updated for itis by the flora of north america expertise network, in connection with an update for usda plants 20072010 reference for.
Glossy buckthorn frangula alnus is a shrub or small, multistemmed tree. Biological control ofbuckthorns rhamnus cathartica and. It is in flower from may to june, and the seeds ripen from september to november. Branches are multistemmed, not very regular and arranged in alternate pairs.
For your convenience, there is a search service on the main page of the site that would help you find images similar to rhamnus frangula l clipart with nescessary type and size. Access tens of millions of documents in pdf, txt, microsoft word and powerpoint formats. Here are some shrubs that are good choices for an informal hedge in temperate climates if your climate is tropical or subtropical, the choice is much greater. Names of rhamnus frangula in various languages of the world are also given. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs and is pollinated by insects. Rhamnus frangula landscape plants oregon state university. On our site you can get for free 20 of highquality images. Frangula alnus wikispecies wikispecies, free species. Fresh frangula bark causes emetocatharsis and colicky pain. Leaves are deciduous, simple, and generally arrang ed alternately. An optimized protocol for anthraquinones isolation from rhamnus frangula l article pdf available in natural product research 323. Frangula is a genus of about 35 accepted species of shrubs or small trees, commonly known as. List of various diseases cured by rhamnus frangula.
Clusters of whitishgreen flowers appear in the leaf axils in may. Leaves, branches, tree, rhamnus frangula public domain. Asplenifolia is an upright, spreading, deciduous shrub which typically grows 610 tall. It is native to a large temperate area across europe, from portugal in west to western china in east. Frangula alnus, commonly known as alder buckthorn, glossy buckthorn, or breaking buckthorn. Alternate, simple, elliptical to oblong, 2 to 5 inches long, a few fine and widely spaced teeth, veins are parallel but near edges of leaf turn and follow the edge, shiny green above and slightly paler beneath.
The ratio of senna to frangula can be adjusted to yo. The alder buckthorn is characterized by the presence of glossy oval shaped green leaves, each of which can be one to three inches in length, the leaves are borne on the stem in alternate rows and are not ridged. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. Was introduced by ron willimans of green bay, wisconsin. It is also commonly called glossy buckthorn in reference to its glossy leaves. The fine line buckthorn is an excellent cross between the columnar and fernleaf forms of buckthorn. The herbal monograph selects and summarises scientific studies and textbooks regarding efficacy, dosage and safety to support the therapeutic uses of frangula bark. Above average superior performance, among my favorites, would recommend to others. Rhamnus frangula synonyms, rhamnus frangula pronunciation, rhamnus frangula translation, english dictionary definition of rhamnus frangula. It has a narrow, upright form with very thin, fine textured foliage. Frangula alnus in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Fine line rhamnus frangula ron williams uspp 14,791.